NBR 9050: What is it and why is it important for accessibility?
Introduction
Accessibility is a fundamental right of every person, regardless of their physical, mental, or sensory abilities. It means that everyone should be able to access, use, and enjoy the built environment, the urban spaces, the furniture, and the equipment without barriers or difficulties. Accessibility is also a matter of social inclusion, human dignity, and quality of life.
However, achieving accessibility is not always easy or straightforward. It requires planning, designing, building, and adapting the environment according to technical criteria and parameters that ensure safety, comfort, and autonomy for all. That is why there are standards and regulations that guide and orient the professionals and the public authorities involved in this process.
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One of these standards is the NBR 9050, created by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT). This standard establishes the criteria and technical parameters to be observed when designing, building, installing, and adjusting urban buildings to the conditions of accessibility. It covers different aspects such as dimensions, spaces, circulation, information, signage, furniture, equipment, and elements.
In this article, we will explain what is NBR 9050, what are its main aspects, how to apply it in different contexts, what are the benefits of following it, what are the challenges and opportunities of implementing it, and what are some examples of best practices and compliance. By the end of this article, you will have a better understanding of this important standard and how it can help you create more accessible environments for everyone.
What is NBR 9050?
What is NBR 9050?
NBR 9050 is a regulatory standard created by ABNT (Brazilian Association of Technical Standards) that defines all the technical aspects that must be observed to guarantee accessibility in buildings, furniture, spaces, and urban equipment. It was first published in 1985 and has been revised several times since then. The latest version was published in 2020 and incorporates an errata from 2021.
NBR 9050 applies to both new constructions and existing ones that need to be adapted or renovated. It also applies to both public and private spaces that are intended for collective or individual use. It covers different types of buildings such as residential, commercial, institutional, educational, cultural, recreational, sports, health care, religious, industrial, among others.
NBR 9050 aims to provide autonomous , independent and safe use of environment , buildings , furniture , equipment and urban elements to the greatest amount of people , regardless of age , height or limitation of mobility or perception. To achieve this goal , it considers different conditions of mobility and perception of the environment , including or not the use of help devices , such as prostheses , support equipment , wheelchairs , tracking canes , assistive listening systems or any that can complement individual needs.
What are the main aspects of NBR 9050?
NBR 9050 covers a wide range of aspects related to accessibility , such as :
Parameters anthropometric : These are the measurements and dimensions that take into account the characteristics of the human body , such as height , width , depth , reach , among others . They are used to define the size , shape , position , and orientation of spaces , furniture , equipment , and elements . They also consider different types of users , such as people standing , sitting , in wheelchairs , with prostheses , with crutches , with visual impairment , etc .
Parameters ergonomic : These are the principles and guidelines that ensure the comfort , functionality , and usability of spaces , furniture , equipment , and elements . They take into account the physical and mental capabilities and limitations of the users , as well as their preferences and expectations . They also consider the environmental factors , such as lighting , acoustics , temperature , humidity , etc .
Parameters technical : These are the specifications and requirements that ensure the quality , durability , safety , and performance of spaces , furniture , equipment , and elements . They include aspects such as materials , finishes , colors , textures , shapes , sizes , weights , resistance , stability , maintenance , etc .
Parameters informational : These are the methods and means that provide clear , accurate , and accessible information to the users about the spaces , furniture , equipment , and elements . They include aspects such as signage , symbols , icons , pictograms , texts , fonts , colors , contrasts , sounds , voices , tactile elements, etc.
NBR 9050 defines different types of spaces, furniture, equipment, and elements that must comply with these parameters, such as:
Access routes : These are the paths that connect the entrance of a building or a space to its different areas or functions . They include aspects such as width, height, slope, curvature, level changes, surface, obstacles, etc.
Doors and gates : These are the openings that allow the passage of people and objects between different spaces or areas . They include aspects such as width, height, clearance, opening direction, opening force, handles, locks, hinges, etc.
Stairs and ramps : These are the elements that allow the vertical or inclined movement of people and objects between different levels or floors . They include aspects such as width, height, depth, slope, number of steps, handrails, guardrails, landings, surface, etc.
Elevators and lifts : These are the devices that allow the vertical or inclined movement of people and objects between different levels or floors using mechanical or electrical power . They include aspects such as capacity, speed, dimensions, doors, buttons, indicators, alarms, emergency systems, etc.
Floors and coverings : These are the surfaces that cover the ground or the base of a space or an area . They include aspects such as material, texture, color, contrast, slip resistance, durability, maintenance, etc.
Walls and partitions : These are the vertical elements that delimit or separate spaces or areas . They include aspects such as material, texture, color, contrast, sound insulation, fire resistance, durability, maintenance, etc.
Ceilings and roofs : These are the horizontal or inclined elements that cover the top of a space or an area . They include aspects such as material, texture, color, contrast, lighting, ventilation, thermal insulation, fire resistance, durability, maintenance, etc.
Windows and openings : These are the elements that allow the passage of light and air between the interior and the exterior of a space or an area . They include aspects such as dimensions, position, orientation, opening system, glazing, frames, curtains, blinds, screens, etc.
Furniture and equipment : These are the movable or fixed objects that provide support , comfort , functionality , or decoration to a space or an area . They include aspects such as dimensions , shape , position , orientation , material , color , contrast , texture , weight , stability , resistance , durability , maintenance , etc .
Sanitary facilities and accessories : These are the elements that provide hygiene , health , and comfort to the users of a space or an area . They include aspects such as toilets , sinks , showers , bathtubs , bidets , faucets , mirrors , soap dispensers , towel racks , paper holders , grab bars , etc .
Kitchen facilities and accessories : These are the elements that provide food preparation , storage , and consumption to the users of a space or an area . They include aspects such as stoves , ovens , microwaves , refrigerators , freezers , dishwashers , sinks , faucets , cabinets , drawers , shelves , countertops , tables , chairs , etc .
Communication and information systems : These are the devices and means that provide data transmission and reception to the users of a space or an area . They include aspects such as telephones , intercoms , computers, internet, wi-fi, radios, TVs, speakers, cameras, etc.
Security and emergency systems : These are the devices and means that provide protection and assistance to the users of a space or an area in case of accidents , incidents , or disasters . They include aspects such as alarms , detectors , sensors , sprinklers , extinguishers , fire doors , emergency exits , emergency lights , emergency phones , first aid kits , etc .
NBR 9050 provides detailed tables and diagrams that illustrate the parameters and specifications for each of these aspects. It also provides examples and recommendations for different situations and scenarios. It is important to consult the standard before designing, building, or adapting any space, furniture, equipment, or element to ensure accessibility.
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como baixar a nbr 9050 de acessibilidade de forma gratuita e legalmente?
como consultar a nova versão da norma de acessibilidade da ABNT?
quais são as principais mudanças na ABNT NBR 9050:2021?
qual é a importância da ABNT NBR 9050 para a arquitetura inclusiva?
onde encontrar exemplos práticos de aplicação da ABNT NBR 9050?
quais são os benefícios de seguir a ABNT NBR 9050 para os projetos de edificações, mobiliário, espaços e equipamentos urbanos?
How to apply NBR 9050 in different contexts?
How to apply NBR 9050 in different contexts?
NBR 9050 is a general standard that applies to any context where accessibility is required or desired. However, depending on the type, function, and use of the space, furniture, equipment, or element, there may be specific standards or regulations that complement or modify the criteria and parameters of NBR 9050. Therefore, it is important to check if there are any additional or specific standards or regulations that apply to the context in question.
Some examples of contexts where NBR 9050 may be applied are:
Residential buildings : These are the buildings where people live , such as houses , apartments , condominiums , etc . They must comply with NBR 9050 to ensure accessibility for the residents and visitors , especially those with disabilities or reduced mobility . They must also comply with other standards or regulations that apply to residential buildings , such as NBR 15575 (Performance of residential buildings) , NBR 12721 (Technical specifications for residential buildings) , NBR 13752 (Inspection of residential buildings) , etc .
Commercial buildings : These are the buildings where people work or do business , such as offices , shops , restaurants , hotels , etc . They must comply with NBR 9050 to ensure accessibility for the workers and customers , especially those with disabilities or reduced mobility . They must also comply with other standards or regulations that apply to commercial buildings , such as NBR 16401 (Air conditioning systems) , NBR 5419 (Protection against lightning) , NBR 5626 (Water supply systems) , etc .
Institutional buildings : These are the buildings where people access public services or participate in social activities , such as schools , hospitals, libraries, museums, etc. They must comply with NBR 9050 to ensure accessibility for the users and visitors, especially those with disabilities or reduced mobility. They must also comply with other standards or regulations that apply to institutional buildings, such as NBR 9050-1 (Accessibility in educational buildings), NBR 9050-2 (Accessibility in health care buildings), NBR 9050-3 (Accessibility in cultural buildings), etc.
Urban spaces and equipment : These are the spaces and elements that are part of the urban environment, such as streets, sidewalks, parks, squares, bus stops, traffic lights, benches, trash cans, etc. They must comply with NBR 9050 to ensure accessibility for the pedestrians and users, especially those with disabilities or reduced mobility. They must also comply with other standards or regulations that apply to urban spaces and equipment, such as NBR 16537 (Accessibility in public transportation systems), NBR 16868 (Accessibility in urban furniture), NBR 16869 (Accessibility in urban lighting), etc.
NBR 9050 provides guidance and recommendations for applying its criteria and parameters in different contexts. It also suggests some methods and tools for evaluating and verifying the compliance and performance of the spaces, furniture, equipment, and elements. It is important to consult the standard before applying it in any context to ensure accessibility.
Benefits of following NBR 9050
For people with disabilities or reduced mobility
The main benefit of following NBR 9050 is that it improves the accessibility and usability of the environment for people with disabilities or reduced mobility. This means that they can access, use, and enjoy the spaces, furniture, equipment, and elements without barriers or difficulties. This also means that they can exercise their rights and duties as citizens, such as education, health care, work, leisure, culture, etc.
By following NBR 9050 , people with disabilities or reduced mobility can gain more autonomy , independence , and dignity . They can also improve their quality of life , well-being , and happiness . They can also participate more actively and effectively in society , contributing with their talents , skills , and potentials .
For architects , designers , and builders
Another benefit of following NBR 9050 is that it enhances the quality and performance of the projects and constructions of architects , designers , and builders . This means that they can create more functional , comfortable , and attractive spaces , furniture , equipment , and elements for all types of users . This also means that they can meet the legal , ethical , and social demands of accessibility .
By following NBR 9050 , architects , designers , and builders can gain more recognition , reputation , and satisfaction . They can also improve their creativity , innovation , and competitiveness . They can also expand their market opportunities and attract more clients .
For society and the environment
A third benefit of following NBR 9050 is that it promotes social inclusion and environmental sustainability. This means that it fosters a more diverse , equitable , and respectful society , where everyone can have equal opportunities and access to the goods and services that they need . This also means that it supports a more efficient , responsible , and harmonious use of the natural resources and energy that are available .
By following NBR 9050 , society and the environment can benefit from more social justice , economic development , cultural diversity , civic participation , environmental protection, and human development.
Challenges and opportunities of implementing NBR 9050
The current situation of accessibility in Brazil
Despite the existence and importance of NBR 9050, the reality of accessibility in Brazil is still far from ideal. According to the 2010 Census, about 45.6 million people (23.9% of the population) have some type of disability or reduced mobility. However, many of them face barriers and difficulties to access and use the environment, especially in urban areas.
Some of the main challenges and problems that affect accessibility in Brazil are:
Lack of awareness and knowledge : Many people, including professionals and authorities, are not aware or informed about the concept and importance of accessibility, as well as the criteria and parameters of NBR 9050. This leads to ignorance, prejudice, discrimination, and exclusion of people with disabilities or reduced mobility.
Lack of planning and design : Many projects and constructions do not consider or incorporate accessibility from the beginning, but rather as an afterthought or a legal obligation. This leads to poor quality, functionality, and aesthetics of the spaces, furniture, equipment, and elements.
Lack of resources and investment : Many projects and constructions do not have enough financial, material, or human resources to implement accessibility according to NBR 9050. This leads to low performance, durability, and maintenance of the spaces, furniture, equipment, and elements.
Lack of monitoring and enforcement : Many projects and constructions do not comply with NBR 9050 or other standards or regulations related to accessibility. This leads to risks, accidents, injuries, and lawsuits for the users and the owners.
The role of public policies and social movements
However, there are also signs of progress and improvement in the situation of accessibility in Brazil. One of the main factors that contribute to this is the role of public policies and social movements that advocate for the rights and interests of people with disabilities or reduced mobility.
Some of the main public policies and social movements that promote accessibility in Brazil are:
The Federal Constitution of 1988 : This is the supreme law of the country that establishes the principles , values , and objectives of the Brazilian society . It recognizes accessibility as a fundamental right of every citizen , as well as a duty of the State , society , and family . It also provides for specific laws , policies , programs , and actions to ensure accessibility in different areas , such as education , health , work , culture , etc .
The Statute of Persons with Disabilities (Law 13.146/2015) : This is a specific law that regulates the rights and obligations of people with disabilities or reduced mobility in Brazil . It defines disability as a situation that results from the interaction between a person with impairment and one or more barriers that may hinder their full participation in society on an equal basis with others. It also establishes the principles , guidelines , and instruments for promoting accessibility in different domains , such as urban development , housing , transportation , communication , information , etc .
The National Plan for Accessibility Rights (Decree 9.296/2018) : This is a specific policy that defines the objectives , strategies , actions , indicators , and responsibilities for implementing accessibility rights in Brazil . It is based on four pillars : awareness raising ; capacity building ; monitoring ; evaluation . It also involves different actors , such as public authorities , private sector , civil society , academia , etc .
The National Council for Persons with Disabilities (CONADE) : This is a specific body that advises the President on issues related to persons with disabilities or reduced mobility in Brazil . It is composed by representatives from different ministries , public agencies, civil society organizations, and persons with disabilities. It has the function of proposing, monitoring, evaluating, and promoting policies, programs, and actions related to accessibility in Brazil.
The Brazilian Accessibility Network (RBA) : This is a specific movement that brings together different entities and individuals that work for the promotion and defense of accessibility rights in Brazil. It aims to disseminate information, knowledge, and good practices on accessibility, as well as to influence public policies and social changes in this area. It also organizes events, campaigns, publications, and projects related to accessibility in Brazil.
These public policies and social movements have contributed to raising awareness and mobilizing society about the importance and urgency of accessibility in Brazil. They have also helped to create and implement laws, norms, standards, and regulations that support and enforce accessibility in Brazil. They have also stimulated and supported the development and innovation of technologies, products, services, and solutions that improve accessibility in Brazil.
The best practices and examples of NBR 9050 compliance
Another factor that contributes to the progress and improvement of accessibility in Brazil is the role of best practices and examples of NBR 9050 compliance. These are the cases and initiatives that demonstrate how NBR 9050 can be applied effectively and efficiently in different contexts and situations. They also serve as inspiration and reference for other professionals and entities that want to follow NBR 9050.
Some examples of best practices and examples of NBR 9050 compliance are:
The Museum of Tomorrow (Rio de Janeiro) : This is a cultural institution that explores the possibilities and challenges of the future through science, art, and technology. It was designed by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava with the collaboration of Brazilian experts on accessibility. It follows NBR 9050 in all its aspects, such as access routes, doors, ramps, elevators, floors, walls, ceilings, windows, furniture, equipment, sanitary facilities, communication systems, etc. It also offers special services and programs for people with disabilities or reduced mobility, such as guided tours, tactile maps, audio guides, sign language interpreters, etc.
The Arena Corinthians (São Paulo) : This is a sports stadium that hosts soccer matches and other events. It was built for the 2014 FIFA World Cup with the participation of Brazilian specialists on accessibility. It follows NBR 9050 in all its aspects , such as access routes , doors , stairs , ramps , elevators , floors , walls , ceilings , windows , furniture , equipment , sanitary facilities , communication systems , etc . It also provides special facilities and services for people with disabilities or reduced mobility , such as parking spaces , seats , restrooms , food outlets , etc .
The Paralympic Park (Brasília) : This is a recreational area that offers sports , leisure , culture , and education activities for people with disabilities or reduced mobility . It was created by the Brazilian Paralympic Committee with the support of public authorities and private partners . It follows NBR 9050 in all its aspects , such as access routes , doors , stairs , ramps , floors , walls , ceilings , windows , furniture , equipment , sanitary facilities , communication systems , etc . It also features special equipment and devices for different types of sports and activities , such as athletics , swimming , cycling , basketball , volleyball , etc .
These best practices and examples of NBR 9050 compliance show that it is possible and feasible to create accessible environments for everyone. They also show that following NBR 9050 can bring benefits not only for people with disabilities or reduced mobility but also for other users and stakeholders.
Conclusion
Summary of the main points
In this article, we have explained what is NBR 9050, what are its main aspects, how to apply it in different contexts, what are the benefits of following it, what are the challenges and opportunities of implementing it, and what are some examples of best practices and compliance. We have also provided tables and diagrams to illustrate the parameters and specifications of NBR 9050. We hope that this article has helped you to understand this important standard and how it can help you create more accessible environments for everyone.
Call to action and recommendations
If you are interested in learning more about NBR 9050 or applying it in your projects or constructions, we recommend that you:
Download the latest version of NBR 9050 (2020) with the errata (2021) from the ABNT website. You can also access other related standards or regulations from the same source.
Consult a qualified professional or entity that can advise you on the best way to follow NBR 9050 in your specific context and situation. You can also seek guidance from public authorities or civil society organizations that work on accessibility issues.
Visit some of the best practices and examples of NBR 9050 compliance that we have mentioned in this article or look for others in your area. You can also check some online resources or publications that showcase successful cases and initiatives on accessibility.
Share your experience and feedback on NBR 9050 with other professionals and entities that are involved or interested in accessibility. You can also participate in events, forums, networks, or movements that promote and support accessibility in Brazil.
By following these recommendations, you will be able to learn more about NBR 9050 and apply it effectively and efficiently in your projects or constructions. You will also be able to contribute to the improvement and advancement of accessibility in Brazil.
FAQs
What is the difference between accessibility and inclusivity?
Accessibility is the condition that allows people with disabilities or reduced mobility to access, use, and enjoy the environment without barriers or difficulties. Inclusivity is the attitude that values and respects the diversity and difference of people with disabilities or reduced mobility and recognizes their rights and potentials as equal members of society.
What are the main types of disabilities or reduced mobility that NBR 9050 considers?
NBR 9050 considers different types of disabilities or reduced mobility that affect the mobility and perception of the environment, such as:
Physical disability : This is the impairment of one or more parts of the body that affects the movement , posture , balance , or coordination . It can be congenital or acquired , temporary or permanent , partial or total . It can affect different parts of the body , such as limbs , trunk , head , etc .
Sensory disability : This is the impairment of one or more senses that affects the perception , communication , or interaction with the environment . It can be congenital or acquired , temporary or permanent , partial or total . It can affect different senses , such as vision , hearing , smell , taste , touch , etc .
Mental disability : This is the impairment of one or more cognitive functions that affects the reasoning , memory , attention , learning , or understanding . It can be congenital or acquired , temporary or permanent , partial or total . It can affect different cognitive functions , such as language , logic , spatial , numerical , etc .
Multiple disability : This is the combination of two or more types of disabilities that affect the mobility and perception of the environment . It can be congenital or acquired , temporary or permanent, partial or total. It can affect different parts of the body and senses, such as vision and hearing, movement and cognition, etc.
What are the main sources of information and reference for NBR 9050?
The main sources of information and reference for NBR 9050 are:
The ABNT website : This is the official website of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT), the entity that creates and publishes NBR 9050. You can download the latest version of NBR 9050 (2020) with the errata (2021) from this website. You can also access other related standards or regulations from this website.
The NBR 9050 Guide : This is a practical guide that explains and illustrates the main aspects and parameters of NBR 9050. It was developed by the Brazilian Institute of Architects (IAB) with the support of the Ministry of Human Rights. You can access this guide online or in print.
The NBR 9050 Course : This is a training course that teaches and certifies the professionals and entities that want to apply NBR 9050 in their projects or constructions. It was created by the Brazilian Accessibility Network (RBA) with the collaboration of ABNT and other partners. You can enroll in this course online or in person.
What are the main challenges and opportunities for improving accessibility in Brazil?
The main challenges and opportunities for improving accessibility in Brazil are:
Educating and sensitizing society about the concept and importance of accessibility, as well as the rights and potentials of people with disabilities or reduced mobility.
Updating and harmonizing the laws, norms, standards, and regulations that support and enforce accessibility in Brazil.
Investing and allocating more resources and incentives for implementing accessibility in Brazil.
Monitoring and evaluating the compliance and performance of accessibility in Brazil.
Developing and innovating more technologies, products, services, and solutions that improve accessibility in Brazil.
What are some tips and recommendations for following NBR 9050?
Some tips and recommendations for following NBR 9050 are:
Consult NBR 9050 before starting any project or construction that involves accessibility.
Consider accessibility as an integral part of the design, construction, and adaptation process, not as an add-on or a legal obligation.
Involve people with disabilities or reduced mobility in the planning, designing, building, and testing stages of the project or construction.
Use simple, clear, and accessible language and information to communicate with the users and stakeholders of the project or construction.
Seek feedback and suggestions from the users and stakeholders of the project or construction to improve its accessibility.
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